SWEET ALMOND OIL
1. Medically reviewed by Cynthia Cobb, DNP, APRN, WHNP-BC, FAANP — Written by Lowri Daniels on April 29, 2020
1.2.-1.4. DATA REFERENCES
Ahmad Z. The uses and properties of almond oil. Complement Ther Clin Pract 16(1):10-2, 2010
Maguire LS, O’Sullivan SM, Galvin K, O’Connor TP, O’Brien NM. Fatty acid profile, tocopherol, squalene and phytosterol content of walnuts, almonds, peanuts, hazelnuts and the macadamia nut. Int J Food Sci Nutr 55(3):171-8, 2004
Cardoso CR, Souza MA, Ferro EA, Favoreto S Jr, Pena JD. Influence of topical administration of n-3 and n-6 essential and n-9 nonessential fatty acids on the healing of cutaneous wounds. Wound Repair Regen 12(2):235-43, 2004
McCusker MM, Grant-Kels JM. Healing fats of the skin: the structural and immunologic roles of the omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids. Clin Dermatol 28(4):440-51, 2010
Elias PM, Brown BE, Ziboh VA. The Permeability Barrier in Essential Fatty Acid Deficiency: Evidence for a Direct Role for Linoleic Acid in Barrier Function. J Invest Dermatol 74(4):230-3, 1980 Skolnik P, et al. Human essential fatty acid deficiency: treatment by topical application of linoleic acid. Arch Dermatol 113(7):939-41, 1977
Downing DT, Stewart ME, Wertz PW, Strauss JS. Essential fatty acids and acne. J Am Acad Dermatol 14(2 Pt 1):221-5, 1986 Araviiskaia E, et al. The role of topical dermocosmetics in acne vulgaris. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 30(6):926-35, 2016 Trüeb RM. Oxidative Stress in Ageing of Hair. Int J Trichology 1(1): 6–14, 2009
Ando H, et al. Linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid lightens ultraviolet-induced hyperpigmentation of the skin. Arch Dermatol Res 290(7):375-81, 1998
Rosenthal MD. Selectivity in incorporation, utilization and retention of oleic and linoleic acids by human skin fibroblasts. Lipids 15(10):838-48, 1980
Engelbrecht TN, Schroeter A, Hauss T, Neubert RH. Lipophilic penetration enhancers and their impact to the bilayer structure of stratum corneum lipid model membranes: neutron diffraction studies based on the example oleic acid. Biochim Biophys Acta 1808(12):2798- 806, 2011
Desbois A, et al. Antibacterial activity of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids against Propionibacterium
acnes and Staphylococcus aureus. Mar Drugs 11(11):4544-57, 2013
Chen CH, Wang Y, Nakatsuji T, Liu YT, Zouboulis C, Gallo R, Zhang L, Hsieh MF, Huang CM. An innate bactericidal oleic acid effective against skin infection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: a therapy concordant with evolutionary medicine. J Microbiol Biotechnol 21(4):391-9, 2011
Nakatsuji T, Kao MC, Zhang L, Zouboulis CC, Gallo RL, Huang CM. Sebum free fatty acids enhance the innate immune defense of human sebocytes by upregulating beta-defensin-2 expression. J Invest Dermatol 130(4):985-94, 2010
Kuriyama H, Watanabe S, Nakaya T, Shigemori I, Kita M, Yoshida N, Masaki D, Tadai T, Ozasa K, Fukui K, Imanishi J. Immunological and Psychological Benefits of Aromatherapy Massage.
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2(2):179-184, 2005
Hajhashemi M, Rafieian M, Rouhi Boroujeni HA, Miraj S, Memarian S, Keivani A, Haghollahi F.
The effect of Aloe vera gel and sweet almond oil on striae gravidarum in nulliparous women.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 19:1-6, 2017
Liu M, Li X, Chen XY, Xue F, Zheng J. Topical application of a linoleic acid-ceramide containing moisturizer exhibit therapeutic and preventive benefits for psoriasis vulgaris: a randomized controlled trial. Dermatol Ther 28(6):373-82, 2015
CASTOR OIL
2. Medically reviewed by Debra Rose Wilson, Ph.D., MSN, R.N., IBCLC, AHN-BC, CHT — Written by Aaron Kandola — Updated on November 27, 2023
BULBINE
3. Bulbine Natalensis and Bulbine Frutescens promote cutaneous wound healing
Author links open overlay panel
Nalini Pather 1, Beverley Kramer
CHAMOMILE
4. Mol Med Report. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2011 Feb 1.Published in final edited form as:Mol Med Report. 2010 Nov 1; 3(6): 895–901. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2010.377 PMCID: PMC2995283NIHMSID: IHMS250193PMID: 21132119 Chamomile: A herbal medicine of the past with bright future
Janmejai K Srivastava,1,2,* Eswar Shankar,1,2 and Sanjay Gupta1,2,3
ALOE VERA
5. The Effect of Aloe Vera Clinical Trials on Prevention and Healing of Skin Wound: A Systematic Review
Davood Hekmatpou, PhD,1 Fatemeh Mehrabi,2 Kobra Rahzani, PhD,1 and Atefeh Aminiyan, PhD3
Author information Article notes Copyright and License information PMC Disclaimer
6. Medically reviewed by Cynthia Cobb, DNP, APRN, WHNP-BC, FAANP — Written by Kathleen Davis, FNP on June 17, 2020
VIT E
7. Indian Dermatol Online J. 2016 Jul-Aug; 7(4): 311–315. doi:
8. 4103/2229-5178.185494 PMCID: PMC4976416PMID: 27559512 Vitamin E in dermatology
Mohammad Abid Keen and Iffat Hassan
9. Medically reviewed by Amanda Caldwell, MSN, APRN-C — Written by Zawn Villines — Updated on August 27, 2024
JOJOBA
10. Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Jan; 19(1): 70. Published online 2017 Dec 27. doi: 10.3390/ijms19010070
PMCID: PMC5796020; PMID: 29280987
Anti-Inflammatory and Skin Barrier Repair Effects of Topical Application of Some Plant Oils; Tzu-Kai Lin,1 Lily Zhong,2,* and Juan Luis Santiago3,*
11. Medically reviewed by Cynthia Cobb, DNP, APRN, WHNP-BC, FAANP — Written by Kathryn Watson — Updated on March 30, 2023
SUNFLOWER SEED OIL
12. Medically reviewed by Gerhard Whitworth, R.N. — Written by Corey Whelan on August 7, 2019
13. Medically Reviewed by Jabeen Begum, MD on June 13, 2024Written by R. Morgan
TEA TREE
14. Medically reviewed by Cynthia Cobb, DNP, APRN, WHNP-BC, FAANP — Written by Emily Cronkleton — Updated on May 19, 2023
LAVENDER
15. Medically reviewed by Cynthia Cobb, DNP, APRN, WHNP-BC, FAANP — Written by Ana Gotter — Updated on September 20, 2023
MYRRH
16. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2022 Aug; 15(8): 944. Published online 2022 Jul 29. doi: 10.3390/ph15080944; PMCID: PMC9416713
PMID: 36015092; The Role of Myrrh Metabolites in Cancer, Inflammation, and Wound Healing: Prospects for a Multi-Targeted Drug Therapy; Rasha Saad Suliman,1,2,3,*† Sahar Saleh Alghamdi,2,3,*† Rizwan Ali,3 Dimah Aljatli,2 Norah Abdulaziz Aljammaz,2 Sarah Huwaizi,3 Rania Suliman,4 Khawla Mohammed Kahtani,2 Ghadeer M. Albadrani,5 Tlili Barhoumi,2 Abdulelah Altolayyan,3 and Ishrat Rahman6; Dejan Stojković, Academic Editor and Marina Soković, Academic Editor